Scandinavia is a small corner of the racing world – yet when it comes to the farcical whip debate once more dominating headlines in Britain, perhaps it is worth looking to the Nordic region to find a meaningful example.
Back in 1986, when I was publishing Scanform, a form book covering all races in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, a ban on the use of the whip was introduced in one of these jurisdictions (Norway).
It was a political decision, made by the Ministry of Agriculture – and it was irreversible. Like the majority of racing professionals, I was convinced the change would cause problems and be detrimental to the sport.
How wrong I was. The change actually helped save the sport in a country where it has been up against it on several snowy fronts for more than a century.
Without any question, the prevailing feeling at the time was that races staged without use of the whip would lead to fluky, less formful results with horses underperforming and showing little consistency.
As the ban came into force in Norway, the whip was still allowed in Sweden and Denmark. Thus we so-called experts also thought that horses would show improved form when shipped from Norway to compete in the neighbouring countries – and others might be reluctant to put in a good effort at the finish when returning to whipless events at home.
We were assuming these things – and we had a lot of support, particularly from riders, though the whip ban had come to stay, both in Thoroughbred racing and on the much bigger harness racing circuit.
However, a little bit of knowledge is a dangerous thing. Slowly but surely we had to admit that we were badly mistaken. We had made assumptions based on theories, not facts, nor on any tests.
As the seasons went by the new rules were put to the test. Horses showed the same consistency as in the past, favourites were winning at about a 30% clip, like they had always done – and what about those shippers we thought would run so much better when being whipped?
Well, in short, hardly any of them did. Yes, there were a few examples of horses running better in Sweden than they did in Norway – but so few that we had to confess; we were probably dead wrong on this point as well. That a handful of horses did better at Täby Galopp, a flat US-style oval, than around the undulating Øvrevoll, could easily have more to do with the track configurations than with the whip.
Handicap figures showed that the form was just as reliable in races without the whip. There was absolutely no evidence supporting the theory that jockeys need to use whips to make horses run as fast as they can.